| PWD Control Id | Crop ID | Pwd Name | Pwd Type | Causal Agent | Symptoms | Control | Notes | Metadata Id |
| 1 | Avocado | Root rot | Disease | Fungus (Phytophthora cinnamomi) | Loss of production and death of the tree. | Trunk injection of the systemic fungicide potassium phosphonate, repeated annually | NULL | 8,581 |
| 2 | Avocado | Anthracnose | Disease | Colletotrichum gloeosporioides | Fruit loss | Copper sprays are required to produce marketable fruit | NULL | 8,581 |
| 3 | Avocado | Fruit flies | Pest | NULL | Superficial damage | Contact insecticide | NULL | 8,581 |
| 4 | Hyacinth Bean | Anthracnose | Disease | Colletotrichum lindemuthianum | Cause serious crop losses | Spraying with zineb or captan may give reasonable control. | NULL | 8,624 |
| 5 | Hyacinth Bean | Leaf spot | Disease | Cercospora dolichi | NULL | Spraying with fungicides | NULL | 8,624 |
| 6 | Hyacinth Bean | Pod boring larvae (Adisura atkinsoni) | Pest | NULL | NULL | It can be controlled by spraying with Bacillus thuringiensis preparations. | NULL | 8,624 |
| 7 | Job's Tear | Smut | Disease | Ustilago coicis | It destroys the ovaries. | Seed treatment with fungicide or with hot water (60–70°C) for at least 10 minutes before sowing is recommended. | NULL | 8,625 |
| 8 | Job's Tear | Leaf blight | Disease | Bipolaris coicis | NULL | Burning of crop residues, spraying of fungicides and the use of more resistant cultivars. | NULL | 8,625 |
| 9 | Job's Tear | Tar leaf spot | Disease | Phyllachora coicis | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,625 |
| 10 | Job's Tear | Rust | Disease | Puccinia operata | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,625 |
| 11 | Job's Tear | Rats | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,625 |
| 12 | Job's Tear | Birds | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,625 |
| 13 | Job's Tear | Grasshoppers | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,625 |
| 14 | Job's Tear | Termites | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,625 |
| 15 | Gemsbok Bean (Tylosema esculentum) | Fungi | Disease | Alternaria tenuissima | Necrotic lesions | NULL | NULL | 8,626 |
| 16 | Gemsbok Bean (Tylosema esculentum) | Fungi | Disease | Phoma spp. | Necrotic lesions | NULL | NULL | 8,626 |
| 17 | Niger Seed | Ozonium wilt | Disease | Ozonium texanum var. parasiticum Thirum. | Necrotic lesions develop on stem of well grown plants near the soil level. Whitish fungal mycelium grows on these necrotic areas under high humidity and the branches, leaves, inflorescence etc become soft and start rotting. The diseased stem, breaks. | Treating the seed with Thiram at the rate of 2 g/kg seed before sowing is quite effective to control the disease. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 18 | Niger Seed | Collar rot | Disease | Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. | The tissues of collar region become soft and depressed. White fungus grows on the diseased part and forms mustard seed like sclerotia. | NULL | NULL | 8,629 |
| 19 | Niger Seed | Macrophomina root and stem rot | Disease | Macrophomina phaseolina (Maubl.) Ashby | Typical root rot, stem rot, charcoal rot and leaf blight symptoms are produced. Macrophomina infected roots are light blackish to black in colour, which are covered with black sclerotia and are brittle. The blackening extends from ground level upward on the stem giving black colour to stem. | Deep ploughing in summer, crop rotation, seed treatment with thiram (0.2%) + Carbendazim (0.1%), application of Trichoderma viride @ 2.5 kg/ha mixing with 50 kg FYM in the field before sowing. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 20 | Niger Seed | Damping off/root rot | Disease | Rhizoctonia solani | The fungus attacks stem of the seedling at ground level, makes water soaked soft and incapable of supporting the seedling which falls over and dies. On older seedlings elongated brownish black lesions appear. | The seed should be treated with Thiram or Captan @3.0 g/kg seed. The disease can also be reduced by drenching the plants with Captan 50 WP @0.25% and crop rotation should be followed. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 21 | Niger Seed | Cercospora leaf spot | Disease | Cercospora guizoticola | Disease appears as small straw to brown coloured spots with grey centre on the leaves, spots may coalesce causing defoliation. Later the spots increase in number and size and cover the entire lamina and the leaves start dropping off. Elongated dark brown spotsare produced on the stem. The capsules are also affected. | Seed treatment with two foliar sprays of Carbendazim 50WP (0.2%) + Mancozeb (0.1%) can manage the disease. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 22 | Niger Seed | Alternaria leaf spot/blight | Disease | Alternaria sp. | The disease appears as concentric rings on the leaves, which turns brown with grey centre later on. As the disease advances, the spots become oval or circular and irregular in shape. The infected leaves become dry and lead to the defoliation. Further it, spreads to other plant parts and results in to premature drying of the plant. | Use of resistant varieties. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 23 | Niger Seed | Curvularia leaf spot | Disease | Curvularia lunata | Small circular to irregular brown to reddish brown spots which later coalesce to form larger spots. The leaf turn yellow dries and defoliates. | NULL | NULL | 8,629 |
| 24 | Niger Seed | Powdery mildew | Disease | Sphaerotheca spp. | The diseased leaves turn yellow and drop off. The seed formed on diseased plants are small and shriveled. | The disease can be managed by burning the infected plant parts after the harvesting of the crop. The disease can also be effectively controlled by spraying with sulfex. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 25 | Niger Seed | Rust | Disease | Puccinia guizotiae | Brown pustules diameter appear on the leaves. The lesions consist of densely aggregated brown telio. The uredosori are formed on the lower leaf surface and the corresponding upper surface becomes chlorotic. Later teliospores are formed. | The disease can be managed by spraying crop with Dithane M- 45 as the disease starts appearing. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 26 | Niger Seed | Bacterial leaf spot | Disease | Xanthomonas campestris pv. guizotiae | Small brownish spots are formed on leaves which are surrounded by yellow halo. | The disease can be managed by spraying the crop with Blitox-50. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 27 | Niger Seed | Weed dodder (Cuscuta hyalina) | Weed | NULL | The plants remain stunted, pale yellow and bear a very small number of flowers and fruits. | The Cuscuta seeds can be removed by sieving before sowing. Removal of cuscuta infected Niger seed at the early crop growth. | NULL | 8,629 |
| 28 | Chinese Spinach | Stemrot | Disease | Choanephora cucurbitarum | NULL | A wider spacing may reduce the rate of infection. | NULL | 8,631 |
| 29 | Chinese Spinach | Damping-off | Disease | Pythium and Rhizoctonia | NULL | It is controlled by good drainage. Over-dense sowing should be avoided. | NULL | 8,631 |
| 30 | Chinese Spinach | White rust | Disease | Albugo bliti | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,631 |
| 31 | Chinese Spinach | Leaf and stem blight | Disease | Phomopsis amaranthophila | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,631 |
| 32 | Chinese Spinach | Caterpillars (Hymenia recurvalis, Spodoptera litura, Heliothis armigera) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,631 |
| 33 | Chinese Spinach | Larvae of the stem borer (Lixus truncatulus) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,631 |
| 34 | Jicama Yam Bean | Mosaic virus | Disease | Aphids (Aphis spp.) or mealy bugs (Ferrisia virgata) and possibly by seed. | It results in smaller-sized tubers (yield reductions of 20-30%), discoloured leaves and brittle stems. | NULL | NULL | 8,632 |
| 35 | Jicama Yam Bean | Witches' broom disease | Disease | Contamination originating in the indigenous flora. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,632 |
| 36 | Teff | Leaf rust | Disease | Uromyces eragrostidis | NULL | Fungicides that control these two diseases have been identified at experimental level, although there are no known cases of field applications. | NULL | 8,628 |
| 37 | Jicama Yam Bean | Rose beetle (Adoretus versutus) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,632 |
| 38 | Teff | Head smudge | Disease | Helminthosporium miyakei | NULL | Fungicides that control these two diseases have been identified at experimental level, although there are no known cases of field applications. | NULL | 8,628 |
| 39 | Jicama Yam Bean | Bruchids (Bruchus spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,632 |
| 40 | Teff | Damping off | Disease | Drechslera spp. and Epicoccum nigrum | NULL | Fungicides that control these two diseases have been identified at experimental level, although there are no known cases of field applications. | NULL | 8,628 |
| 41 | Okra | Damping-off | Disease | Macrophomina phaseolina, Pythium aphanidermatum, Rhizoctonia solani | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,633 |
| 42 | Okra | Vascular wilt | Disease | Fusarium oxysporum | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,633 |
| 43 | Teff | Wollo bush-cricket | Pest | Decticoides brevipennis | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,628 |
| 44 | Okra | Cercospora blight | Disease | Cercospora abelmoschi, Cercospora malayensis | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,633 |
| 45 | Teff | Red teff worm | Pest | Mentaxya ignicollis | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,628 |
| 46 | Okra | Powdery mildew | Disease | Erysiphe cichoracearum, Oidium abelmoschi | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,633 |
| 47 | Okra | Okra mosaic virus (OkMV) | Disease | Flea beetles (Podagrica) | NULL | This virus can only be controlled through control of the vectors. | NULL | 8,633 |
| 48 | Okra | Okra leaf curl disease (OLCV) | Disease | Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) | NULL | This virus can only be controlled through control of the vectors. | NULL | 8,633 |
| 49 | Okra | Yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV) | Disease | Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) | NULL | This virus can only be controlled through control of the vectors. | NULL | 8,633 |
| 50 | Teff | Black teff beetle | Pest | Erlangerius niger | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,628 |
| 51 | Okra | Nematodes (Meloidogyne) | Pest | NULL | NULL | Damage by nematodes is avoided by crop rotation (e.g. with cereals) and by large applications of organic manure. | NULL | 8,633 |
| 52 | Okra | Fruit and stem borers (Earias spp. and Heliothis spp., Pectinophora gossypiella) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,633 |
| 53 | Teff | Parasitic weed | Weed | Striga hermonthica (Delile) | NULL | Hand weeding and crop rotation, particularly with pulses, are the most common methods in dealing with these weeds in tef; the use of herbicides is very limited. | NULL | 8,628 |
| 54 | Okra | Flea beetles (Podagrica spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,633 |
| 55 | Okra | Jassids (Empoasca spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,633 |
| 56 | Teff | Invasive weed | Weed | Parthenium hysterophorus L. | NULL | Hand weeding and crop rotation, particularly with pulses, are the most common methods in dealing with these weeds in tef; the use of herbicides is very limited. | NULL | 8,628 |
| 57 | Teff | Cosmopolitan weed | Weed | Convolvulus arvensis L. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,628 |
| 58 | Proso Millet | Downy mildew | Disease | Sclerospora graminicola | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,634 |
| 59 | Finger Millet | Blast | Disease | Pyricularia setariae | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,634 |
| 60 | Finger Millet | Leaf blight | Disease | Cochliobolus nodulosus | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,634 |
| 61 | Foxtail Millet | Blast | Disease | Pyricularia setariae | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,634 |
| 62 | Foxtail Millet | Rust | Disease | Uromyces setariae-italicae | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,634 |
| 63 | Foxtail Millet | Smut | Disease | Ustilago crameri | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,634 |
| 64 | Foxtail Millet | Downy mildew | Disease | Sclerospora graminicola | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,634 |
| 65 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Taro blight | Disease | Phytophthora colocasiae | It causes purple to brown circular water-soaked lesions. | This disease is partially controlled by use of copper- or phosphor-based fungicides, but spraying is tedious and costly. Increasing plant spacing or intercropping reduces losses. | NULL | 8,635 |
| 66 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Taro soft rot | Disease | Pythium | It causes wilting and chlorosis of leaves. | Control is possible by use of healthy planting material, crop rotation and treating planting materials with fungicide. | NULL | 8,635 |
| 67 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Sclerotium rot | Disease | Sclerotium rolfsii | It causes stunting of the plant, rotting of corm and formation of many spherical sclerotia in the corm. | Control is by soil drenching. | NULL | 8,635 |
| 68 | Fonio | Rust | Disease | Puccinia oahuensis | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,636 |
| 69 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Dark brown spots | Disease | Cladosporium colocasicola and Phyllosticta colocasiae | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,635 |
| 70 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Alomae virus disease | Disease | Combined infestation by the taro large bacilliform virus and the taro small bacilliform virus | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,635 |
| 71 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | Control is by treating planting material with water at 40°C for 50 minutes, by the use of disease-free material or by soil fumigation. | NULL | 8,635 |
| 72 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Hercothrips indicus thrips | Pest | NULL | It causes silvery discoloration of the leaves and can result in severe leaf shedding. | NULL | NULL | 8,635 |
| 73 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Taro beetles (Papuana spp.) | Pest | NULL | Young plants wilt and die but older plants usually recover. | It can be controlled by applying insecticide in the planting holes. | NULL | 8,635 |
| 74 | Taro (Cocoyam) | Leafhoppers | Pest | NULL | NULL | Biological control and insecticide dusting are effective control measures. | NULL | 8,635 |
| 75 | Malabar Spinach | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | The damage is reduced by the application of a high dose of organic manure. Crop rotation with non-susceptible crops such as maize or amaranth is recommended. | NULL | 8,638 |
| 76 | Malabar Spinach | Necrotic leaf spots | Disease | Cercospora basellae and Acrothecium basellae | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,638 |
| 77 | Malabar Spinach | Rust | Disease | Puccinia spp. | It causes yellow-orange spots on the leaves. | Removal of all infected leaves is recommended in order to reduce the inoculum rate. | NULL | 8,638 |
| 78 | Chayote | Root-knot nematodes | Pest | NULL | NULL | Application of large amounts of organic manure to the planting holes reduces damage. | NULL | 8,639 |
| 79 | Chayote | Powdery mildew | Disease | Erysiphe cichoracearum | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,639 |
| 80 | Chayote | Downy mildew | Disease | Pseudoperonospora cubensis | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,639 |
| 81 | Chayote | Leaf spot | Disease | Mycosphaerella sp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,639 |
| 82 | Chayote | Spider mites | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,639 |
| 83 | Chayote | Leaf beetles | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,639 |
| 84 | Swamp Cabbage | White rust | Disease | Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae | It causes white patches which diminish the market quality. | NULL | NULL | 8,640 |
| 85 | Swamp Cabbage | Damping off | Disease | Pythium sp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,640 |
| 86 | Swamp Cabbage | Caterpillars (Spodoptera litura and Diacrisia strigatula) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,640 |
| 87 | Swamp Cabbage | Aphids | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,640 |
| 88 | Winged Bean | False rust/orange gall | Disease | Synchytrium psophocarpi | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,608 |
| 89 | Winged Bean | Dark leaf spot | Disease | Pseudocercospora psophocarpi | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,608 |
| 90 | Winged Bean | Powdery mildew | Disease | Erysiphe cichoracearum | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,608 |
| 91 | Winged Bean | Web blight | Disease | Rhizoctonia solani | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,608 |
| 92 | Winged Bean | Flower blight | Disease | Choanephora cucurbitarum | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,608 |
| 93 | Winged Bean | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) | Pest | NULL | It may cause stunted growth and yellowing of leaves. | NULL | NULL | 8,608 |
| 94 | Winged Bean | Bean pod-borer (Maruca testulalis) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,608 |
| 95 | Asystasia | Fungus | Disease | Colletotrichum dematium | It causes necrosis, defoliation and stunted growth. | NULL | NULL | 8,641 |
| 96 | Proso Millet | Smut | Disease | Sphacelotheca destruens and Ustilago spp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 97 | Proso Millet | Anthracnose | Disease | Colletotrichum graminicola | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 98 | Proso Millet | Leaf blast | Disease | Pyricularia grisea | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 99 | Proso Millet | Ergot | Disease | Claviceps spp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 100 | Proso Millet | Rust | Disease | Puccinia and Uromyces spp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 101 | Proso Millet | Leaf blight | Disease | Helminthosporium sp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 102 | Proso Millet | Foot rot | Disease | Sclerotium rolfsii | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 103 | Proso Millet | Shootfly (Atherigona miliaceae) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 104 | Proso Millet | Stem borers (Chilo partellus, Chilo suppressalis and Sesamia inferens) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,650 |
| 105 | Quinoa | Damping off | Disease | Sclerotium rolfsii | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 106 | Quinoa | Downy mildew | Disease | Peronospora farinosa | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 107 | Quinoa | Stalk rot | Disease | Phoma exigua var. foveata | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 108 | Quinoa | Leaf spot | Disease | Ascochyta hyalospora | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 109 | Quinoa | Grey mold | Disease | Botrytis cinerea | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 110 | Quinoa | Bacterial blight | Disease | Pseudomonas sp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 111 | Quinoa | Flea beetles | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 112 | Quinoa | Sugarbeet root aphid (Pemphigus populivenae) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 113 | Quinoa | Quinoa plant bug (Melanotrichus sp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 114 | Quinoa | Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,652 |
| 115 | African Rice | Rice blast | Disease | Pyricularia grisea | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,656 |
| 116 | African Rice | Rice yellow mosaic virus (RYMV) | Disease | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,656 |
| 117 | African Rice | African rice gall midge (Orseolia oryziphora) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,656 |
| 118 | Love-Lies-Bleeding | Fungal diseases | Disease | Alternaria | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,658 |
| 119 | Love-Lies-Bleeding | Fungal diseases | Disease | Mycoplasma | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,658 |
| 120 | Love-Lies-Bleeding | Fungal diseases | Disease | Sclerotinia spp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,658 |
| 121 | Love-Lies-Bleeding | Leaf-eating caterpillars | Pest | Sclerotinia spp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,658 |
| 122 | Love-Lies-Bleeding | Stem-boring larvae of weevils | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,658 |
| 123 | Finger Millet | Head blast | Disease | Magnaporthe grisea | All aerial parts are affected from seedling to maturity. | Control methods include crop rotation and the use of tolerant or resistant cultivars. | NULL | 8,664 |
| 124 | Finger Millet | Dark brown leaf blight | Disease | Bipolaris nodulosa | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 125 | Finger Millet | Foot and root rot | Disease | Bipolaris nodulosa | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 126 | Finger Millet | Seedling blight and head blight | Disease | Helminthosporium leucostylum | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 127 | Finger Millet | Shoot fly (Atherigona soccata) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 128 | Finger Millet | Stem borers | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 129 | Finger Millet | Phytophagous ladybird (Epilachna similis) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 130 | Finger Millet | Wild finger millet (Eleusine indica) | Weed | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 131 | Finger Millet | Brachiaria deflexa | Weed | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 132 | Finger Millet | Guizotia scabra | Weed | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,664 |
| 133 | Purple Amaranth | Stemrot | Disease | Choanephora cucurbitarum | NULL | Spraying with fungicides such as maneb or carbatene reduces the losses, but is seldom applied. | NULL | 8,668 |
| 134 | Purple Amaranth | Damping-off | Disease | Pythium aphanidermatum | NULL | It is controlled by good drainage. Over-dense sowing should be avoided. | NULL | 8,668 |
| 135 | Purple Amaranth | White rust | Disease | Albugo candida | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,668 |
| 136 | Purple Amaranth | Caterpillars | Pest | NULL | NULL | Many commercial growers now spray with insecticides regularly, up to twice a week, instead of using the traditional control method of spreading wood ash to dispel insects. In order to avoid harmful residues, the use of less toxic chemicals is strongly recommended. Biological insecticides derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are fairly effective against caterpillars. | Caterpillars (Spodoptera litura, Helicoverpa armigera, Hymenia recurvalis) | 8,668 |
| 137 | Purple Amaranth | Larvae of the stem borer Lixus truncatulus | Pest | NULL | The basal part of the plant containing the pupae swells and plant growth is much retarded. | Many commercial growers now spray with insecticides regularly, up to twice a week, instead of using the traditional control method of spreading wood ash to dispel insects. In order to avoid harmful residues, the use of less toxic chemicals is strongly recommended. | NULL | 8,668 |
| 138 | Machurian Wild Rice | Green leaf hopper (Nephotettix bipunctatus) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,670 |
| 139 | Machurian Wild Rice | Brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,670 |
| 140 | Machurian Wild Rice | Paddy army worm (Mythimna separata) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,670 |
| 141 | Machurian Wild Rice | Paddy swarming caterpillar (Spodoptera mauritia) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,670 |
| 142 | Winged Bean | False rust | Disease | Synchytrium psophocarpi | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,671 |
| 143 | Winged Bean | Dark leaf spot | Disease | Pseudocercospora psophocarpi | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,671 |
| 144 | Winged Bean | Web blight | Disease | Rhizoctonia solani | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,671 |
| 145 | Winged Bean | Flower blight | Disease | Choanephora cucurbitarum | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,671 |
| 146 | Winged Bean | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) | Pest | NULL | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) may cause stunted growth and yellowing of leaves. | NULL | NULL | 8,671 |
| 147 | Winged Bean | Bean pod-borer (Maruca testulalis) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,671 |
| 148 | Malabar Spinach (Basella rubra) | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | The damage is reduced by the application of a high dose of organic manure. Crop rotation with non-susceptible crops such as maize or amaranth is recommended. | Basella rubra is synonym to Basella alba. | 8,638 |
| 149 | Malabar Spinach (Basella rubra) | Necrotic leaf spots | Disease | Cercospora basellae and Acrothecium basellae | NULL | NULL | Basella rubra is synonym to Basella alba. | 8,638 |
| 150 | Malabar Spinach (Basella rubra) | Rust | Disease | Puccinia spp. | It causes yellow-orange spots on the leaves. | Removal of all infected leaves is recommended in order to reduce the inoculum rate. | Basella rubra is synonym to Basella alba. | 8,638 |
| 151 | Bitter Gourd | Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows | Disease | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,676 |
| 152 | Bitter Gourd | Cercospora leaf spot | Disease | Cercospora citrullina | NULL | It is controlled by pruning of affected leaves and by spraying fungicides such as benomyl, cupravit or daconil. | NULL | 8,676 |
| 153 | Bitter Gourd | Downy mildew | Disease | Pseudoperonospora solanacearum | NULL | It is controlled by wide spacing giving good ventilation and by fungicides such as maneb, ridomil or dithane. | NULL | 8,676 |
| 154 | Bitter Gourd | Powdery mildew | Disease | Erysiphe cichoracearum | NULL | It is controlled by fungicides such as maneb, ridomil and dithane or with sulphur dust. | NULL | 8,676 |
| 155 | Bitter Gourd | Bacterial wilt | Disease | Ralstonia, fusarium wilt, and root-knot nematodes | Infection with bacterial wilt causes quite sudden wilting while the plant is still green. | NULL | NULL | 8,676 |
| 156 | Bitter Gourd | Aphids | Pest | NULL | Heavy aphid infestation can lead to strongly stunted growth and reduced fruit set. | NULL | NULL | 8,676 |
| 157 | Bitter Gourd | Fruit flies (Dacus cucurbitae) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,676 |
| 158 | Bitter Gourd | Leaf beetles (Epilachna spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,676 |
| 159 | Bitter Gourd | Caterpillars (Spodoptera spp., Heliothis armigera) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,676 |
| 160 | Bitter Gourd | Mites | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,676 |
| 161 | African Cabbage | Powdery mildew | Disease | Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Oidiopsis taurica | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,694 |
| 162 | African Cabbage | Leaf spot | Disease | Cercospora uramensis | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,694 |
| 163 | African Cabbage | Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) | Pest | NULL | It causing stunted growth and wrinkling of the leaves and growing tips | NULL | NULL | 8,694 |
| 164 | African Cabbage | Hurricane bug (Bagrada spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | It can be effectively controlled with insecticides. | NULL | 8,694 |
| 165 | African Cabbage | Pentatomids (Acrosternum gramineum and Agonoselis nubilis) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,694 |
| 166 | African Cabbage | Flea beetles | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,694 |
| 167 | African Cabbage | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,694 |
| 168 | African Cabbage | Weaver birds | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | Young seeds are eaten by weaver birds. | 8,694 |
| 169 | African Cabbage | American bollworms | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,694 |
| 170 | Potherb Fameflower | White leaf spot | Disease | Pleospora spp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,697 |
| 171 | Potherb Fameflower | Leaf mosaic | Disease | Unknown virus | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,697 |
| 172 | Blue Clitoria | Fungal leaf diseases | Disease | Rhizoctonia microsclerotia | NULL | NULL | C. ternatea is affected by fungal leaf diseases (e.g. Cercospora, Colletotrichum, Oidium and Rhizoctonia). | 8,698 |
| 173 | Blue Clitoria | Fungal leaf diseases | Disease | Corticium solani | NULL | NULL | C. ternatea is affected by fungal leaf diseases (e.g. Cercospora, Colletotrichum, Oidium and Rhizoctonia). | 8,698 |
| 174 | Blue Clitoria | Meloidgyne incognita | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,698 |
| 175 | Blue Clitoria | Leaf-eating caterpillars | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,698 |
| 176 | Lesser Yam | Leaf spots | Disease | Cercospora spp. and Glomerella spp | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,699 |
| 177 | Lesser Yam | Leaf necrosis | Disease | Cercospora spp. and Glomerella spp | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,699 |
| 178 | Lesser Yam | Yam beetle (Heteroligus spp.) | Pest | NULL | It attacks the tubers. | It can be controlled with insecticidal dusts, or by planting as late as possible in the season. | NULL | 8,699 |
| 179 | Lesser Yam | Yam scale (Aspidiella hartii) | Pest | NULL | It infest the tubers, especially during storage. | NULL | NULL | 8,699 |
| 180 | Lesser Yam | Mealy bugs | Pest | NULL | It infest the tubers, especially during storage. | NULL | NULL | 8,699 |
| 181 | Lesser Yam | Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) | Pest | NULL | It cause wartiness of the harvested tubers. | NULL | NULL | 8,699 |
| 182 | Lesser Yam | Yam nematode (Scutellonema bradys) | Pest | NULL | It cause wartiness of the harvested tubers. | NULL | NULL | 8,699 |
| 183 | Smooth Loofah | Fruitfly | Pest | NULL | The eggs hatch into small larvae then start eating the fruits. | Cut and burn the infected parts. After removal of the infected fruits, spray insecticide recommended by the authorize dealer. | NULL | 8,700 |
| 184 | Smooth Loofah | Thrips | Pest | NULL | NULL | Spraying at night was found to be effective in controlling thrips. In case of of severe cases, spray for two consecutive nights using different chemicals at a time. | NULL | 8,700 |
| 185 | Smooth Loofah | Caterpillar | Pest | NULL | NULL | Spray with insecticides. | NULL | 8,700 |
| 186 | Smooth Loofah | Downey Mildew | Disease | NULL | Spots that are irregular in shape usually appear in the surface of the leaves. The spots increase rapidly in size until the whole leaf dies. | 1. Plant resistant varieties. 2. Restrain nitrogen fertilization and irrigation. 3. Fungicide application if symptom is becoming severe. 4. Do clean cultural management practices. 5. Practice crop rotation. | NULL | 8,700 |
| 187 | Celosia | White rust | Disease | Albugo bliti | White rust (Albugo bliti) forms white pustules on the underside of the leaves. | NULL | NULL | 8,702 |
| 188 | Celosia | Alternaria leaf spot | Disease | Alternaria spp. | Cause dark spots on the leaves | NULL | NULL | 8,702 |
| 189 | Celosia | Charcoal rot | Disease | Macrophomina phaseolina | Cause dark spots on the leaves | NULL | NULL | 8,702 |
| 190 | Celosia | Stem rot | Disease | Choanephora cucurbitarum | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,702 |
| 191 | Celosia | Damping-off | Disease | Rhizoctonia solani | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,702 |
| 192 | Celosia | Meloidogyne spp. | Pest | NULL | Causing galls on roots, unthrifty growth, small and chocolate-coloured leaves | NULL | NULL | 8,702 |
| 193 | Celosia | Caterpillars (Hymenia recurvalis) | Pest | NULL | NULL | The use of appropriate pesticides can control them. Spraying should start at detection of the caterpillars and should be applied once a week for three weeks. | NULL | 8,702 |
| 194 | Mashua | Tropaeolum mosaic potyvirus (TropMV) | Disease | Aphid (Myzus persicae) | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 195 | Mashua | Acroconidiella leaf spot | Disease | Acroconidiella tropaeoli | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 196 | Mashua | Oca nematode (Thecavermiculatus andinus) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 197 | Mashua | Potato nematode (Nacobbus aberrans) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 198 | Mashua | Copitarsia turbata | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 199 | Mashua | Leaf miner (Philionorycter sp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 200 | Mashua | Copitarsia spp. | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 201 | Mashua | Andean weevil (Premnotrypes vorax) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 202 | Mashua | Copitarsia turbata | Pest | NULL | It attacks aerial stems. | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 203 | Mashua | Phyllonoryeter spp. | Pest | NULL | It mines the leaves. | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 204 | Mashua | Thysanoptera spp. | Pest | NULL | It mines the leaves. | NULL | NULL | 8,703 |
| 205 | Cabbage-tree | Caterpillar | Pest | NULL | In just a week, it can devour the leaves of the trees of an entire village. | NULL | NULL | 8,704 |
| 206 | Marrow | Powdery mildew | Disease | Erysiphe cichoracearum or Sphaerotheca fuliginea | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 207 | Marrow | Necrotic leaf spots | Disease | Alternaria or Ulocladium spp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 208 | Marrow | Downy mildew | Disease | Pseudoperonospora cubensis | It induces only localized small yellow lesions. | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 209 | Marrow | Leaf spot | Disease | Didymella bryoniae | It causes leaf spot mostly on senescent petioles only. | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 210 | Marrow | Wet rot | Disease | Choanephora cucurbitacearum | It first invades the corolla, then the blossom-end of the fruit. | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 211 | Marrow | Fruit rot | Disease | Rhizoctonia solani or Sclerotium rolfsii | NULL | Plastic mulch may give good control of these soil-linked diseases, provided water can freely drain off from the mulch. | NULL | 8,706 |
| 212 | Marrow | Root diseases | Disease | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) | NULL | A good control measure is manuring with organic matter under the plants. | NULL | 8,706 |
| 213 | Marrow | Papaya ringspot potyvirus-W (PRSV-W) | Disease | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 214 | Marrow | Squash mosaic virus (SqMV) | Disease | Cucurbit beetles (Epilachna, Diabrotica, Acalymma spp.) | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 215 | Marrow | Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) | Disease | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 216 | Marrow | Watermelon mosaic potyvirus-2 (WMV2) | Disease | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 217 | Marrow | Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (ZYMV) | Disease | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 218 | Marrow | Aphis gossypii | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 219 | Marrow | Epilachna spp. | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 220 | Marrow | Bemisia argentifolia | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 221 | Marrow | Pickle worm (Diaphania nitidalis) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 222 | Marrow | Melon worm (Diaphania hyalinata) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 223 | Marrow | Fruit flies (Dacus cucurbitae) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 224 | Marrow | Spider mites (Tetranychus spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,706 |
| 225 | Star Gooseberry | Chinese rose beetle (Adoretus sinicus) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,709 |
| 226 | Star Gooseberry | Slugs | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,709 |
| 227 | Yautia | Root rot | Disease | Pythium myriothylum | The outer leaves of the plant gradually go yellow from margin to mid rib and finally the leaf dies. The roots of the plant also die. | Use fungicide (Acrobate) as soil drench. | NULL | 8,710 |
| 228 | Black Mulberry | Powdery mildew | Disease | Phyllactinia corylea and Uncinula geniculata | A white powdery coating on the lower leaf surface. | It can be treated with sulphur dust, copper oxychloride, karathane and imazalil. | NULL | 8,711 |
| 229 | Black Mulberry | Popcorn disease | Disease | NULL | The fruit swells to resemble popped corn. | Collecting and burning infected fruit help control it. | NULL | 8,711 |
| 230 | Breadfruit | 2-spotted leaf hopper | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,712 |
| 231 | Breadfruit | Rastrococcus invadens | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,712 |
| 232 | Breadfruit | Rosellinina spp. | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,712 |
| 233 | Breadfruit | Anthracnose | Disease | Colletotrichum | Fruits may be affected. | It can be controlled by prompt harvest of mature fruits and removal of diseased fruits. | NULL | 8,712 |
| 234 | Breadfruit | Soft rot | Disease | Rhizopus | Fruits may be affected. | It can be controlled by prompt harvest of mature fruits and removal of diseased fruits. | NULL | 8,712 |
| 235 | Pineapple Guava | Guava moth | Pest | NULL | Premature fruit drop, fruit flesh will be brown and rotting. | Pheromone traps can catch adult guava moths. | NULL | 8,734 |
| 236 | Black Nightshade | Black aphids (Aphis fabae Scop.) | Pest | NULL | Large numbers of the aphids can infest the underside of the leaves causing leaf curl, while the young apices of similarly infested plants can fail to develop. | NULL | NULL | 8,672 |
| 237 | Black Nightshade | Flea beetles (Epilachna hirta) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,672 |
| 238 | Black Nightshade | Root knot nematodes | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,672 |
| 239 | Black Nightshade | Yellow vein clearing | Disease | NULL | Affected leaves become yellowish green with a dark green colouration developing near the veins. | NULL | NULL | 8,672 |
| 240 | Black Nightshade | Fungal diseases | Disease | NULL | Affected leaves then show a light-green or yellowish coloration on the upper side, while a greenish-grey 'mould' develops on the undersides. | NULL | NULL | 8,672 |
| 241 | Chaya | Tomato hornworms | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,801 |
| 242 | Chaya | Broad Mite Pests | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,801 |
| 243 | Chaya | Cassava Common Mosaic Virus | Disease | NULL | NULL | NULL | Chaya is a host of CCMV (Cassava Common Mosaic Virus) although plant materials are available from none-infected sources. | 8,801 |
| 244 | Paper Mulberry | Pseudomonas syringe | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,800 |
| 245 | Paper Mulberry | Phytophthora boehmeriae | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,800 |
| 246 | Paper Mulberry | Dendryphiella broussonetiae | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,800 |
| 247 | Paper Mulberry | Crown gall (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,800 |
| 248 | Guava | Fruit flies | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | The Mediterranean, Oriental, Mexican and Caribbean fruit flies cause major problems, in that they infest ripe fruit with their larvae, making them inedible. | 8,818 |
| 249 | Dogfruit | Pod-borers Mussidia pectinicornella | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,831 |
| 250 | Dogfruit | Pod-borers Cryptophlebia ombrodelta | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,831 |
| 251 | Akee | Wilt and dieback | Disease | Verticillium dahliae | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,832 |
| 252 | Soursop | Fruit flies (Anastrepha suspensa) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,836 |
| 253 | Moringa | Mites | Pest | NULL | Mite attack may lead to yellowing of leaves | NULL | NULL | 8,837 |
| 254 | Moringa | Termites | Pest | NULL | NULL | Heaping ashes around the base of seedlings. | NULL | 8,837 |
| 255 | Moringa | Aphids | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,837 |
| 256 | Moringa | Leaf miner | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,837 |
| 257 | Moringa | Whiteflies | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,837 |
| 258 | Moringa | Caterpillar (Eupterote molifera) | Pest | NULL | Defoliation | Requires spraying to control it. | NULL | 8,813 |
| 259 | Moringa | Root rot | Disease | Diplodia sp. | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,813 |
| 260 | Cherry Guava | Fruit flies | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,847 |
| 261 | Cherry Guava | Scale insects | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,847 |
| 262 | Cherry Guava | Beetles (Coleoptera) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,847 |
| 263 | Cherry Guava | Thrips (Selenothrips) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,847 |
| 264 | Indian Mulberry | Whiteflies | Pest | NULL | It causes a buildup of sooty mold on the leaves | It can be controlled with sprays of insecticidal soaps and oils | NULL | 8,851 |
| 265 | Indian Mulberry | Scales | Pest | NULL | It causes a buildup of sooty mold on the leaves | It can be controlled with sprays of insecticidal soaps and oils | NULL | 8,851 |
| 266 | Indian Mulberry | Aphids | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,851 |
| 267 | Indian Mulberry | Leaf miner | Pest | NULL | It cause severe damage to the leaves. | NULL | NULL | 8,851 |
| 268 | Indian Mulberry | Leaf spot | Disease | Colletotrichum sp. | NULL | Sanitation (picking up or removing severely diseased leaves) or by periodic application of approved fungicides. | NULL | 8,851 |
| 269 | Indian Mulberry | Stem, leaf and fruit blights | Disease | Phytophtora sp and Sclerotium rolfsii | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,851 |
| 270 | Indian Mulberry | Black flag disease | Disease | Phytophtora sp | It significantly inhibit leaf growth and fruit development. | NULL | NULL | 8,851 |
| 271 | Indian Mulberry | Root knot disease | Disease | Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) | NULL | Use soil-less media or only heat-treated soil for seddlings. Also use proper irrigation, fertilizer and compost in order to minimize the damage. | NULL | 8,851 |
| 272 | Indian Mulberry | Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) | Weed | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,851 |
| 273 | Indian Mulberry | Cassytha filiformis | Weed | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,851 |
| 274 | Passionfruit | Passion vine mite (Brevipalpus phoenicis) | Pest | NULL | It defoliate the younger portions of the vines but not the terminus, and make brown blemishes on the fruits. | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 275 | Passionfruit | Passion vine bug (Leptoglossus australis) | Pest | NULL | It feeds on flowers and young, green fruits in Queensland. | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 276 | Passionfruit | Stinkbug (Nezara viridula) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 277 | Passionfruit | Brown stinkbug (Boerias maculata) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 278 | Passionfruit | Black stinkbug (Anoplocnemis sp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 279 | Passionfruit | Small black stinkbug (Leptoglossus membranaceus) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 280 | Passionfruit | Thrips (Thysanoptera sp.) | Pest | NULL | It injure and cause stunting of young seedlings in nurseries. | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 281 | Passionfruit | Tobacco white fly (Bemisia tabaci) | Pest | NULL | It may lead to galls on the leaves. | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 282 | Passionfruit | Leaf beetles (Haltica sp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 283 | Passionfruit | Weevils (Systates spp.) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 284 | Passionfruit | Scales (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Chrysomphalus ficus, Parasaissetia nigra) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 285 | Passionfruit | Leaf hopper (Scolypopa australis) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 286 | Passionfruit | Mealybug ladybird (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri) | Pest | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 287 | Passionfruit | Brown spot | Disease | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 8,854 |
| 288 | Pitahaya | Stem rot | Disease | Xanthomonas campestris, Fusarium oxysporium, Pantoea sp., Erwinia caratovora | Yellowing of tissues followed by softening and smelly rotting of tissues. Advanced attack showed total rotting of fleshy succulent parts of stem leaving the main veins intact. | Pruning of infected parts, Copper compound sprays and nutrition. | NULL | 8,858 |
| 289 | Pitahaya | Anthracnose | Disease | Colletotrichum gloesperoides | Red brown concentric lesions with ascervuli developed near ribs of vine, in particular where the spines emerged from the rib edge. | Fungicidal sprays like mancozeb, maneb would be able to control | NULL | 8,858 |
| 290 | Pitahaya | Beetles | Pest | NULL | Beetles occasionally attacks the young succulent stem and may caused necrosis | Fruit bagging | NULL | 8,858 |
| 291 | Pitahaya | Ants | Pest | NULL | Ants feed on sap from fruits and may caused blemishes. | Fruit bagging | NULL | 8,858 |
| 292 | Pomegranate | Leaf footed bugs | Pest | NULL | Leaf footed bugs can penetrate the rind to suck out juice, causing an internal fungus infection in part of the fruit. | It is best to harvest damaged fruit as it appears, remove the infected parts, and consume the rest. The eggs of leaf-footed bugs can be spotted on the underside of leaves and removed. The bugs can also be contained by attracting small birds to feed on them. | NULL | 8,866 |
| 293 | Fava (Faba) Bean | Chocolate Spot | Disease | Botrytis fabae | Dark, chocolate-colored spots on leaves and stems; defoliation in severe cases. | Use fungicides, rotate crops, and ensure good air circulation. | Monitor during wet conditions as the disease thrives in humidity. | 9,795 |
| 294 | Fava (Faba) Bean | Aphid Infestation | Pest | Black bean aphid (Aphis fabae) | Yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and sticky honeydew on plants. | Introduce natural predators like ladybugs, use insecticidal soap, and monitor plant health regularly. | Early detection and biological control are effective strategies. | 9,796 |